Ulcerative Colitis is a chronic disease that affects the digestive system. 

It is a form of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), it is a condition that causes inflammation in the large intestine or colon. It can also affect the lower part of the small intestine, the rectum and anus. People who suffer from ulcerative colitis may experience abdominal pain, diarrhea, and blood loss, among other symptoms. Ulcerative Colitis is different than Crohn's Disease, another form of IBD that affects any part of the digestive tract.

What Causes Ulcerative Colitis? 

The exact cause of Ulcerative Colitis is unknown; however, researchers believe that certain factors contribute to the development of the condition. These factors may include genetics, environment, and diet. Some research indicates that a person's immune system may play a role in the development of Ulcerative Colitis.

Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis 

Ulcerative Colitis can affect people differently. Some people experience mild symptoms, while others experience more severe symptoms. Common Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis include diarrhoea, abdominal pain, cramping, fatigue, fever, and weight loss. Other symptoms may include rectal bleeding, anemia, and urgency to defecate.

Diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis 

Your doctor may perform a few tests to diagnose Ulcerative Colitis. These tests may include a stool sample, blood tests, a colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy or an x-ray. During a colonoscopy your doctor will insert a thin, flexible tube with a light on the end, through your rectum and into your colon. This will allow the doctor to examine the large intestine and check for any sign of inflammation or ulcers.

Treatment and Management of Ulcerative Colitis 

Treatment for Ulcerative Colitis typically consists of medication and lifestyle changes. Medications may be prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation, prevent further damage, and maintain remission. Some common medications include aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, biologics, and immunomodulators. In some cases, surgery may be necessary, for people with refractory Ulcerative Colitis or a severe case of the condition.

Lifestyle changes may also help manage the symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis. People are recommended to follow a low-residue diet that is high in fibre, drink plenty of fluids, and get plenty of rest. Regular exercise may also help reduce inflammation, and reduce stress levels. It is important to talk to your doctor about your diet and lifestyle changes, as some foods may trigger Ulcerative Colitis flare-ups.

Ulcerative Colitis is a chronic disease that affects the digestive system, causing inflammation and sometimes ulcers in the large intestine. The exact cause is unknown, although genetics, environment, and diet are thought to be contributing factors. The symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis can vary from person to person, and include abdominal pain, diarrhoea, rectal bleeding, fatigue, and more. Diagnosis is made through a few tests, including stool, blood, and imaging tests. Treatment typically consists of medications and lifestyle changes, such as a low-residue diet, regular exercise, and stress reduction.